Which test screens for cervical cancer by examining cervical cells and mucus?

• A. Pap smear
• B. MRI
• C. Myelography
• D. Ophthalmoscopy

Answer: (A)

Screening for cervical cancer relies on analyzing the cells of the cervical epithelium. A Pap smear collects cells from the cervix and mucus from the endocervical canal and then those cells are examined under a microscope for abnormal, precancerous, or cancerous changes. This direct cytology is what allows early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.

The other tests are imaging or non-cervical examinations: MRI visualizes internal soft tissues, myelography images the spinal canal, and ophthalmoscopy examines the interior of the eye. They do not sample cervical tissue for cytology, so they are not used to screen for cervical cancer.